O‘ZBEKISTONDA “ELEKTRON HUKUMAT” TUSHUNCHASI MOHIYATI VA XORIJIY TAJRIBA
Kalit so‘zlar:
elektron davlat, elektron hukumat, elektron boshqaruv, axborot texnologiyalari, e-government, e-governance.Annotatsiya
Maqolada “elektron hukumat” tushunchasi muhokama qilinadi. Davlat hokimiyati ijroiya organlarining axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalaridan foydalanishi hisobiga elektron hukumat shakllanadi. Ilmiy sohada bir qarashda ularning mazmuniga o‘xshash bir nechta atamalar qo‘llanadi: “elektron davlat hukumati”, “elektron hukumat” va “elektron boshqaruv”. Ilmiy adabiyotlarda qo‘llanayotgan atamalarning xilma-xilligi shundan kelib chiqadiki, xorijiy adabiyotlarda foydalanilayotgan “elektron hukumat” atamasi Rossiya va milliy qonunchiligimizda turli mazmundagi ma’nolarda ko‘rib chiqilishi bilan bog‘liq. “Elektron davlat” atamasi aksariyat hollarda “e-government” atamasi ma’nosida ishlatilib, bunda xorijiy davlatlarning uchta hokimiyat tarmog‘i faoliyatini bevosita o‘z ichiga oladi. Xorij ilmiy doktrinasida inglizcha “elektron hukumat” atamasi “elektron boshqaruv” atamasi sifatida foydalaniladi. Lekin xorijiy mamlakatlarning siyosiy-huquqiy adabiyotlarida davlat boshqaruvida axborot texnologiyalaridan foydalanish munosabati bilan sodir boʻlayotgan oʻzgarishlarni oʻrganish maqsadida “e-governance” instituti qoʻllanadi. Shu bilan birga, maqolada “elektron hukumat” va “e-governance” atamalari to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri farqlanishi va bu atamalarning o‘zaro munosabati keltiriladi. Maqolada xorijiy mamlakatlarning siyosiy-huquqiy doktrinasida “elektron hukumat” tushunchasini aniqlashning ikkita yondashuvi ham ko‘rib chiqiladi: tor va keng (umum nazariy). Shuningdek, ushbu tadqiqot ishida hukumatning o‘z funksiyalarini amalga oshirishda internet resurslaridan foydalanish istiqbollari, bu jarayonda ijro hokimiyati organlarining ochiqlik masalasi tahlil qilingan. Elektron hukumat sohasidagi olimlarning fikrlari o‘rganilib, tegishli xulosalar berildi. Bundan tashqari, maqolada aholiga davlat xizmatlari ko‘rsatish sohasida ijro hokimiyati organlari faoliyatiga axborot texnologiyalarini joriy etish tendensiyalari ko‘rib chiqiladi.
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