O‘ZBEKISTON QONUNCHILIGI VA XALQARO SHARTNOMALARDA MUALLIFLIK HUQUQI VA TURDOSH HUQUQLARNI RAQAMLI MUHITDA MUHOFAZA QILISHGA DOIR HUQUQIY NORMALAR
Kalit so‘zlar:
mualliflik huquqi, turdosh huquqlar, internet shartnomalar, raqamli muhit, kibermakon, multimedia, telekommunikatsiya tarmog‘iAnnotatsiya
Maqolada XX asrning oxirgi choragidan boshlab mualliflik huquqi va turdosh huquqlar obyektlarining axborot-kommunikatsiya tarmoqlarida huquqiy muhofazasini ta’minlashga doir muammolarning yuzaga kelishi va o‘z navbatida, muallif (huquq ega)lar va foydalanuvchilar o‘rtasidagi tenglik (balans) masalasini doimiy ushlab turish bilan bog‘liq jihatlar xususida so‘z boradi. Ma’lumki, 1996-yilda Butunjahon intellektual mulk tashkiloti tomonidan aynan mualliflik va turdosh huquqlar obyektlarining Internet tarmog‘ida huquqiy muhofazasini ta’minlashga doir ikkita muhim hujjat – internet shartnomalari qabul qilingan. Aynan ushbu hujjatlarning qabul qilinishi dunyo mamlakatlarining mualliflik huquqi sohasidagi milliy qonunchiliklariga zarur o‘zgartirishlar kiritishlariga jiddiy ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Shu bilan birga, oxirgi 20-30 yillikda sohaga doir boshqa xalqaro va mintaqaviy hujjatlardan ham raqamli muhitda mualliflik va turdosh huquqlar muhofazasini ta’minlashga doir normalar o‘rin egalladi. Ta’kidlash lozimki, O‘zbekistonning mualliflik huquqiga doir milliy qonunchiligida ham asarlarning Internet va telekommunikatsiya tarmoqlarida huquqiy muhofazasini ta’minlashga doir normalar o‘z aksini topgan. Maqolada aynan ushbu jihatlar hamda mavjud normalarni amaliyotda qo‘llashga doir muammolar haqida so‘z yuritilgan. Shuningdek, xalqaro konvensiya (Bern konvensiyasi, Rim konvensiyasi) va shartnomalar (BIMT internet shartnomalari, TRIPS kelishuvi) normalari hamda doktrinal manbalar asosidagi nazariy-qiyosiy qarashlar o‘rganilgan. “Raqamli muhit”, “raqamli texnologiyalar”, “multimedia”, “kibermuhit” kabi tushunchalar tahlil qilinib ularning mohiyati muhokama etilgan. Yakunda O‘zbekistonda mualliflik huquqi va turdosh huquqlarning raqamli muhitdagi muhofazasini ta’minlash zarurati, huquqiy mexanizmlar, “internet shartnomalar” normalarini amaliyotda qo‘llash masalalari, bunda mulkiy huquqlarni jamoaviy asosda boshqaruvchi tashkilotlarning tutgan o‘rni haqida xulosalar qilingan.
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