JINOYAT PROTSESSIDA ICHKI ISHONCHGA KO‘RA DALILLARNI BAHOLASHNING NAZARIY MUAMMOLARI
Kalit so‘zlar:
ichki ishonch, dalillarni baholash, dalillarning nomaqbulligi, jinoyat protsessi, dalillar mezonlari, oqlov hukmlari, ayblov og‘ishi, elektron dalillarAnnotatsiya
Ushbu maqola O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Jinoyat-protsessual kodeksining 95- va 95¹-moddalari tahlili asosida jinoyat protsessida ichki ishonchlilik asosida dalillarga baho berishning nazariy muammolarini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Ichki ishonchlilik tushunchasi tahlil qilinib, dalillarni baholash mezonlari (nisbiylik, maqbullik, ishonchlilik, yetarlilik) tadqiq etilgan va ularning qo‘llanishi bilan bog‘liq muammolar aniqlangan. Dalillarni nomaqbul deb topish asoslari, jumladan, qiynoqlar orqali olingan dalillar, soxtalashtirilgan dalillar, himoya huquqini buzgan holda olingan dalillar, shuningdek, mutaxassis ishtirokisiz olingan elektron ma’lumotlarga yo‘l qo‘yilmasligi to‘g‘risidagi 2024-yilgi yangi qoida batafsil ko‘rib chiqilgan. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Sudining statistik ma’lumotlari asosida 2020–2025-yillar davomida oqlov hukmlari ulushining kamayishi aniqlandi, bu esa sudyalarning ichki ishonchini shakllantirishda ayblovga moyillik mavjudligidan dalolat berishi mumkin. Qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlil dalillarni baholashning kontinental va anglo-amerika modellarining afzalliklari va kamchiliklarini aniqladi. Amaliy tavsiyalar ichki ishonchning obyektivligini oshirish uchun qo‘shimcha protsessual kafolatlarni joriy etish, hukmlarni asoslashning majburiy elementlarini qonun bilan mustahkamlash, hosila dalillarga yo‘l qo‘yilmasligi to‘g‘risidagi qoidalarni joriy etish va sudyalar faoliyatini baholash tizimini isloh qilishni o‘z ichiga oladi.
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