INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES RELATED TO HOSTAGE-TAKING: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Keywords:
This article examines the issues related to the investigation of crimes involving hostage-taking based on the experience of foreign countries. The investigative practices of countries such as the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, and Azerbaijan have been studied as part of the research. The complexity of investigating crimes that violate personal freedom and inviolability, the need to properly organize urgent investigative actions in identifying suspects and gathering evidence, underscores the relevance of this topic. Additionally, the use of international experiences contributes to more rapid and comprehensive detection of these crimes. The main problem addressed in the research is identifying the differences between national and international methods of investigating hostage-taking crimes and exploring opportunities to integrate advanced practices into national investigative procedures. The study employs comparative legal analysis, a systematic approach, synthesis, observation, generalization, induction, and deduction methods. It examines the criminal procedural legislation of foreign countries, investigative practices, and the activities of law enforcement agencies from a scientific and theoretical perspective. Key factors in investigating hostage-taking crimes include the United Kingdom’s “Golden hour” principle, the United States’ certification system for investigators’ qualifications, cooperation among law enforcement agencies in Germany, the investigative judge system in France, and Azerbaijan’s victim rehabilitation system. The article concludes with proposals for using these findings to improve criminal procedural legislation, adopt modern methods in investigative practices, and enhance the efficiency of criminal proceedings. Harmonizing national legislation with foreign experiences can help ensure a more just and transparent investigative process.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada shaxsni garov sifatida tutqunlikka olish jinoyatlarni tergov qilish masalalari xorijiy mamlakatlar tajribasi asosida tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot predmeti sifatida AQSh, Buyuk Britaniya, Germaniya, Fransiya, Ozarbayjon kabi davlatlarning tergov amaliyoti oʻrganilgan. Shaxsning erkinlik va daxlsizlik huquqlarini buzish bilan bogʻliq jinoyatlarni tergov qilishning murakkabligi, gumon qilinuvchilarni aniqlash va dalillarni toʻplash jarayonida kechiktirib boʻlmaydigan tergov harakatlarini toʻgʻri tashkil etish zarurati ushbu mavzuning dolzarbligini belgilaydi. Tergov jarayonida xalqaro tajribadan foydalanish jinoyatlarni tez va toʻliq fosh etish imkoniyatini oshiradi. Tadqiqotdagi asosiy muammo – shaxsni tutqunlikka olish jinoyatlarini tergov qilishning milliy va xalqaro usullari oʻrtasidagi farqlarni aniqlash, ilgʻor tajribalarni milliy tergov amaliyotiga joriy etish imkoniyatlarini oʻrganishdan iborat. Unda qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlil, tizimli yondashuv, sintez, kuzatish, umumlashtirish, induksiya va deduksiya metodlari qoʻllandi. Buyuk Britaniyaning “oltin soat” prinsipi, AQSh tergovchilarning malaka darajalarini koʻrsatadigan sertifikatlashtirish tizimi, Germaniyada huquqni muhofaza qilish organlari oʻrtasidagi hamkorlik, Fransiyadagi tergov sudyasi instituti va Ozarbayjonning jabrlanuvchilarni reabilitatsiya qilish tizimi shaxsni garov sifatida tutqunlikka olish jinoyatlarini tergov qilishda muhim omillar ekanligi aniqlandi. Maqola yakunida ushbu natijalarni jinoyat-protsessual qonunchilikni takomillashtirish, tergov amaliyotida zamonaviy uslublarga oʻtish va jinoyat protsessining samaradorligini oshirishda qoʻllash mumkinligi haqidagi takliflar ilgari surildi. Milliy qonunchilikni xorijiy tajribalar bilan uygʻunlashtirish tergov jarayonlarining yanada adolatli va shaffof boʻlishini taʼminlashga yordam berishi taʼkidlandi.
