VIRTUAL MEHNAT MIGRATSIYASINI HUQUQIY TARTIBGA SOLISH KONSEPSIYASI VA UNI OʻZBEKISTONDA JORIY QILISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Kalit so‘zlar:
migratsiya siyosati; mehnat migratsiyasi; sunʼiy intellekt, virtual migratsiya, IT texnologiyasi, elektron onlayn platformalarAnnotatsiya
Mazkur maqolada demografik va globallashuv jarayonidagi oʻzgarishlar natijasida shakllanayotgan virtual mehnat migratsiyasini tartibga solish istiqbollari, uning oqibatlari va sabablari oʻrganilgan. 2020-yil oʻrtalariga kelib dunyoda COVID-19 pandemiyasi sababli davlatlarning iqtisodiyoti uchun alohida muhim oʻrin tutgan ishchi kuchi harakati va tashqi mehnat migratsiyasi sohasida ham jiddiy cheklovlarning oʻrnatilishi ushbu sohalarni raqamlashtirish va virtual mehnat institutini rivojlantirish orqali fuqarolarning mehnat harakatchanligini taʼminlashning yangicha shakllarini ishlab chiqishni dolzarb etib qoʻydi. Xalqaro Mehnat Tashkiloti (XMT) maʼlumotlariga koʻra, dunyoda masofadan ishlayotganlar soni 17 %ni tashkil etadi, Yaponiya va AQSHda esa bu koʻrsatkich deyarli 40 %ga yetdi. Ushbu raqamlar milliy darajada xalqaro xususiy huquqiy normalarni takomillashtirish, mehnat migratsiyasini raqamlashtirish, virtual mehnat migrantlari huquqlarini himoya qilishga qaratilgan yanada samarali mexanizmlarni ishlab chiqish lozimligini koʻrsatadi. Jahonda virtual mehnat migratsiyasining huquqiy asoslarini yaratish, mehnat migrantlarining huquqlarini xalqaro darajada huquqiy himoya qilish vositalarini kengaytirish, mehnat migratsiyasini boshqarishga “sunʼiy intellekt” texnologiyalarini tatbiq etishning qonunchilik asoslarini yaratish masalalariga muhim ilmiy-amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadigan tadqiqot yoʻnalishi sifatida alohida eʼtibor qaratilmoqda. Muallif virtual migratsiyani tartibga solish bilan bogʻliq masalalarning huquqiy yechimini topishda asosiy yoʻnalish insonni bir joydan ikkinchi joyga koʻchish va mehnat qilish huquqini kafolatlashga va ushbu jarayonlarni soddalashtirishga qaratilgan axborot texnologiyalari boʻlishi zarur degan qatʼiy pozitsiyani ilgari suradi.
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