JinoyatchilikKA QARShI KURAShIShNING Buyuk Britaniya modeliga xos xususiyatlar
Kalit so‘zlar:
jinoyatchilik, jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashish, Buyuk Britaniya modeli, jazo, jinoyatlar statistikasi, politsiyaAnnotatsiya
Maqolada muallif Buyuk Britaniyadagi jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashishning o‘ziga xos jihatlarini ochib berishni maqsad qilgan. Xususan, jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashish tizimining alohida elementlari hisoblangan jinoiy siyosatda tayaniladigan doktrinal-kriminologik yondashuvlar, jinoyatchilikka qarshi qonunchilik hamda huquqni muhofaza qilish amaliyotining e’tiborga molik alohida xususiyatlariga urg‘u berilgan. Ma’lumki, Britaniyaning jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashish modeli undagi anglo-sakson huquq tizimi hamda anglo-amerika kriminologik maktablari ta’sirida shakllangan. Jinoyatchilikka qarshi doktrinal-kriminologik yondashuvlar asosini ma’muriy-klassik va sotsiologik nazariyalar tashkil etib, jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashish siyosatida vaqti-vaqti bilan jinoiy-huquqiy (qattiqlashuv) yoki ijtimoiy-liberallashuv choralar ustuvorligi (yumshoqlashuv)ga yo‘nalganlik kuzatiladi. Britaniya kodifikatsiyalashgan qonunchilik tizimiga ega bo‘lmagani bois u yerda jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashish siyosatini shakllantirishda o‘rta muddatli (3–5 yillik) strategik konsepsiyalarga asoslaniladi. Mazkur davlatda jinoyatchilik yuqori darajada o‘sib borish tendensiyasiga ega bo‘lsa-da, uning aniq statistik hisobini yuritish imkoniyati yo‘qotilganligini ko‘rish mumkin. Ayni vaqtda jinoyatchilikni aniqlashdagi mazkur bo‘shliq Britaniya politsiyasi tomonidan latent jinoyatchilikni o‘rganish amaliyoti tizimli ravishda yo‘lga qo‘yilganligi bilan bartaraf etilayotganligi ham ma’lum bo‘ladi. Britaniyaning jinoyatchilikning oldini olish amaliyoti qator jamoat tashkilotlari ishtirokidagi situativ va viktimologik choralarni o‘z ichiga olganligi bilan e’tiborli hisoblanadi.
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