INSTITUTION OF MITIGATION OF PUNISHMENT IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT

Authors

Keywords:

sharia, retroactive effect of criminal law, mitigating factors, aggravating factors, imposition of a more lenient punishment, criminal complicity, inchoate offence, diminished responsibility, juvenile, probation, parole, pardon, amnesty, plea agreement, legal person

Abstract

This paper analyzes the institution of mitigation of punishment in the criminal legislation of the Arab Republic of Egypt, including retroactive effect of criminal law, sentencing for inchoated offences committed at the stage of attempt, sentencing taking into account mitigating and aggravating factors, the features of criminal liability of minors, the procedure for more lenient sentencing, offences with mitigated composition provided for by the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Arab Republic of Egypt, issues of pardon and amnesty, mitigation of punishment and releasing from punishment for offences committed in complicity, probation, parole, provocation, some issues of criminal liability of legal persons, sentencing for offences committed in a state of insanity and diminished responsibility, sentencing in a plea agreement, the role of special laws and the Code of Criminal Procedure Law of the country in mitigating of criminal punishment, and as a final conclusion, provides proposals on the implementation of some of criminal law norms of the Arab Republic of Egypt to the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan as well.

References

1. Rustambaev M.H. Kurs ugolovnogo prava Respubliki Uzbekistan [The course of criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan]. The general part. Vol. 2. The Doctrine of Punishment. Tashkent, Military Technical Institute of the National Guard of the Republic of Uzbekistan Publ., 2018, p. 375.

2. Usmonaliev M., Bakunov P. Jazo tayinlashda yengillashtiruvchi holatlarni hisobga olish [Consideration of mitigating factors when imposing punishment]. Tashkent, Justice Publ., 2007, p. 58.

3. Tozhiyev Je.A. Ponyatie i ugolovno-pravovoye znacheniye obstoyatel’stv, smyagchayushhikh nakazaniye [The concept and criminal-legal significance of mitigating factors]. Nukus, Knowledge Publ., 2000, p. 68.

4. Nazarov M.A. Naznacheniye nakazaniya v ugolovnom prave Respubliki Uzbekistan [Imposition of punishment under the criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan]. Tashkent, Yustitsiya Publ., 2013, p. 163.

5. Nazarov M.A. Naznachenie nakazanija v ugolovnom prave Respubliki Uzbekistan. [Imposition of punishment under the criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Тashkent, 2020, p. 51.

6. Garayeva A.R. Smyagcheniye nakazaniya pri ego ispolnenii v rossiyskom ugolovnom prave [Mitigation of punishment in its execution in Russian criminal law]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Kazan, 2007, p. 209.

7. Kachan M.I. Obstoyatel’stva, smyagchayushhiye nakazaniye, v rossiyskom ugolovnom prave [Mitigating factors in Russian criminal law]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Rostov-Don, 2005, p. 199.

8. Koliyev V.L. Smyagcheniye nakazaniya po ugolovnomu pravu: teoreticheskiy, pravovoy i pravoprimenitel’nyy aspekty [Mitigation of punishment under criminal law: theoretical, legal and law enforcement aspects]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Volgograd, 2003, p. 182.

9. Tasakov S.V. Otvetstvennost’ za ubiystvo pri smyagchayushhikh obstoyatel’stvakh po ugolovnomu pravu Rossii [Liability for murder under mitigating factors at the criminal law of Russia]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Cheboksary, 2000, p. 210.

10. Hayrullina R.G. Smyagchayushhiye obstoyatel’stva, uchityvayemyye sudom pri naznachenii nakazaniya, po ugolovnomu zakonodatel’stvu Rossii i zarubezhnykh stran [Mitigating factors taken into account by the court when imposing punishment under the criminal legislation of Russia and foreign countries]. Abstract of PhD thesis. Kazan, 2006, p. 192.

11. Egyptian Penal Code in Arabic dated 1937 – Law No. 58. Available at: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/Egypt/Egypt%20Penal%20Code.pdf (accessed 17.10.2023).

12. Egyptian Penal Code in English dated 1937 – Law No. 58. Available at: https://lawyer-egy.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Egypt-The-Penal-Code-Law-1937.pdf (accessed 17.10.2023).

13. Yermolayeva E.L., Gribina G.A., Ilyushina E.S., Kokareva M.E., Fedoseyeva L.A. Osobennosti ugolovnogo prava Gruzii, Egipta i Brazilii [Features of the Criminal Law of Georgia, Egypt and Brazil]. Sovremennyye nauchnyye issledovaniya i innovatsii – Modern Scientific Research and Innovation, 2019, no. 7. Available at: https://web.snauka.ru/issues/2019/07/89882 (accessed 17.10.2023).

14. Peters R. The codification of criminal law in nineteenth century Egypt: tradition or modernization? Eds. M. Abun-Nasr, U. Spellenberg, & U. Wanitzek. Law, society, and national identity in Africa? 1990, pp. 211–225. Helmut Buske Verlag. Available at: https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/1053710/82026_326733.pdf (accessed 17.10.2023)/

15. Egyptian Criminal Procedure Code in English dated 1950. Available at: https://egyptjustice.com/criminal-law (accessed 17.10.2023).

16. Paradelle M. The Notion of ‘Person’ between Law and Practice: A Study of the Principles of Personal Responsibility and of the Personal Nature of Punishment in Egyptian Criminal Law. Standing Trial, Law and the Person in the Modern Middle East, Edited by Baudouin Dupret. Publ. in 2004 by

I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd, London. New York, p. 382.

17. Al-Mohannadi H.L. The Victim’s Role in the Islamic Justice Process: A Comparative Study. PhD thesis. University of Southampton, Faculty of Law, 1999, August, 314 p. Available at: https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/463936/1/704372.pdf/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

18. Arafa M.A. Attempted Criminal Offences in Egyptian Criminal Law. Revista Cidadania e Direitos Humanos, Caruaru, 2016, Jan – Jun, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 85–115. ISSN 2447-1399. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1933648/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

19. Arafa M.A. Criminal Complicity: Accomplices Criminal Liability to the Criminal Offences:

a Comparative Analysis Between the Egyptian Criminal Law System and the Criminal Law System of the United States of America. Revista de Estudos Criminais, ANO XVI, 2017, no. 67, pp. 4–49. Available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=1933635/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

20. Overview of the Juvenile Justice System (Egypt). Available at: https://www.hrw.org/reports/2003/egypt0203/egyptkids0203-02.htm#P271_50575/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

21. Baudouin Dupret. Normality, Responsibility, Morality: Virginity and Rape in an Egyptian Legal Context. Yearbook of the Sociology of Islam, 2000. Available at: https://hal.science/hal-02612856

22. Reza S. Egypt: Criminal Law. Handbook of Comparative Criminal Law, Stanford University Press, 2011, January 1, pp. 179–209. Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1854895/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

23. The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt in English. 2014. Available at: https://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

24. Gaber M. Reforming the Death Penalty in Egypt: An Islamic Law Perspective. Maurer Theses and Dissertations, 2017, p. 52. Available at: https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/etd/52/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

25. Kotb A., Bacha Ch. The criminal liability of companies and their Representatives in Egypt. Available at: https://www.tamimi.com/law-update-articles/the-criminal-liability-of-companies-and-their-representatives-in-egypt/ (accessed 17.10.2023).

Downloads

Published

2026-02-18

How to Cite

INSTITUTION OF MITIGATION OF PUNISHMENT IN THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT. (2026). JURISPRUDENCE, 3(5), 89-98. https://yurisprudensiya.tsul.uz/index.php/yurisprudensiya/article/view/602