CRIMINAL-LEGAL PROBLEMS OF DIFFERENTIATING CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR CRIMES COMMITTED DUE TO NEGLIGENCE: A COMPARATIVE-LEGAL ANALYSIS OF GERMAN AND FRENCH CRIMINAL LEGISLATION
Keywords:
carelessness, self-confidence, negligence, harm, action, inaction, socially dangerous consequence, objective criterion, subjective criterion, factual errorAbstract
This article analyzes the criminal-legal nature of crimes committed through negligence, the historical development of the negligent form of guilt, the criteria for distinguishing between self-confidence and negligence, as well as the problems of qualifying crimes related to death resulting from negligence. The article highlighted the issue of single criminal consequences arising from man-made hazards, professional activities, particularly in the medical field, complex technical systems, and the joint careless actions or omissions of several individuals. Based on the comparative legal analysis, proposals were put forward aimed at improving the norms of criminal legislation on causing harm through negligence, clarifying professional standards, and developing criteria that should be taken into account in the legal assessment of the subjective side, which is one of the elements of the crime in investigative and judicial practice.
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