ISSUES OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE OFFENSE AS A CRIMINAL ASSASSINATION AND DISTINGUISHMENT FROM SIMILAR CRIMES
Keywords:
criminal attempt, attempted murder, threat of killing or of violence, of at least two persons, attempted murder of two or more persons, attempted murder of a woman known to the perpetrator to be pregnant, intentional infliction of serious bodily injury.Abstract
This article analyzes the signs of a specific type of attempt–an “imaginary attempt–and questions about its qualification. The author developed the author’s definition of the concept of “imaginary attempt”. It is noted that crimes where the criminal intent of a person is aimed at the onset of the consequences provided for by the aggravating (qualifying) composition, however, when the act was committed, the consequences of the main corpus delicti occurred, without signs of an aggravating corpus delicti, should be understood as a “sham attempt”. The author, on the basis of the theory of criminal law and materials of judicial practice, analyzes the signs and features of these types of crimes and questions of their qualifications. In particular, the absence of a unified approach to the qualification of the attempted murder of two or more persons, the attempted murder of a woman who was known to be pregnant, and the circumstances that should be taken into account when assessing these types of acts have been comprehensively studied. It also highlights in detail the distinctive aspects from attempted murder (Art. 25, 97 of the Criminal Code) of some similar crimes, in particular, threats to kill or use violence (Art. 112 of the Criminal Code), intentional infliction of grievous bodily harm (Art. 104 of the Criminal Code), and their qualifications.
References
1. Turgʻunboyev Y.O. Obyektga nisbatan xatoning turi sifatida shaxsga nisbatan xato [A person error as a type of object error]. Proceedings of the scientific articles by young scientists. 2007, no. 2. p. 265.
2. Turgʻunboyev E. Ikki yoki undan ortiq shaxsni qasddan oʻldirish jinoyatini kvalifikatsiya qilishning oʻziga xos jihatlari [Specific aspects of the qualification of the crime of intentional killing of two or more persons]. Fan va yoshlar – Science and Youth, 2009, no. 2, p. 83.
3. Tolmachev O. Kvalifikatsiya prestupleniy pri chastichnoy realizatsii umysla [Qualification of crimes with partial implementation of intent]. Rossiyskaya yustitsiya – Russian Justice, 2000, no. 12, p. 30.
4. Voskobitova L.A. Zashhita prav i interesov organizatsiy i grazhdan: ugolovno-pravovoy, ugolovno-protsessual’nyy i kriminologicheskiy aspekt (sostoyaniye, problemy, puti sovershenstvovaniya) [Protection of the rights and interests of organizations and citizens: criminal law, criminal procedure and criminological aspects (states, problems, ways of improvement)]. Moscow, 2015, no. 34.
5. Plaksina T.A. Obosnovannost’ vydeleniya ubiystva dvukh i bolee lits v kachestve kvalifitsiruyushhego sostava [Validity of singling out the killing of two or more foxes as a qualifying composition]. Modern Law. 2006, no. 6, pp. 70–75.
6. Bezuglyy S.N. Otvestvennost’ za neokonchennoye prestupleniye po ugolovnomu zakonodatel’stvu Rossiyskoy Federatsii: problemy teorii i praktiki [Responsibility for an unfinished crime under the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation: problems of theory and practice]. PhD thesis. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 125–131.
7. Kurs ugolovnogo prava [Course of criminal law]. Special part. Eds. G.N. Borzenkov,
V.S. Komissarov. Moscow, 2002, vol. 3, p. 111.
8. Spiridonova L.Ye. Problemy kvalifikatsii deystviy litsa v usloviyakh fakticheskoy oshibki pri nalichii umysla na ubiystvo dvukh i bolee poterpevshikh [Problems of qualification of actions of a person in conditions of a factual error in the presence of intent to kill two or more victims]. Legality, 2012, no. 10, p. 52.
9. Tishkevich S.I. Kvalifikatsiya prestupleniy protiv zhizni [Qualification of crimes against life]. Minsk, 1991, pp. 44–45.
10. Bocharov Ye., Feoktistov M. Kvalifikatsiya ubiystv: nekotoryye voprosy teorii i praktiki [Qualification of murders: some questions of theory and practice]. Criminal Law, 2000, no. 2, pp. 65–67.
11. Popov A.N. Ubiystva pri otyagchayushhikh obstoyatel’stvakh [Aggravated murders]. St. Petersburg, 2003, p. 51.
12. Porotikov D.Yu. Neokonchennoye prestupleniye: teoriticheskiye modeli, zakonodatel’nyye konstruktsii i problemy ikh primeneniya [Unfinished Crime: Theoretical Models, Legislative Structures and Problems of Their Application]. PhD thesis. Moscow, 2007, p. 173.
13. Alekseyev I.N. Pokusheniye na ubiystvo dvukh ili bolee lits [Attempted murder of two or more foxes]. Criminal Process, 2007, no. 6, pp. 44–45.
14. Xoroshilova O.S. Klassifikatsiya sostavov prestupleniy po momentu okonchaniya prestupleniya [Classification of elements of crimes by the moment of the end of the crime]. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Bulletin of the Kemerovo State University, 2015, no. 2 (62). p. 226.
15. Popov A.N. Problemy kvalifikatsii prestupleniy protiv zhizni i zdorov’ya grazhdan [Problems of qualifying crimes against the life and health of citizens]. Legal practice: Newsletter of the Law Center of the Special Law Faculty of St. Petersburg State University, 1996, no. 2, pp. 101–102.
16. Nayimov S.S. Qilmishni jinoyat huquqiy normalar raqobatida kvalifikatsiya qilishning nazariy va amaliy masalalari [Theoretical and practical issues of qualifying the crime in competition of criminal legal norms]. PhD thesis. Tashkent, 2007.
17. Tadevosyan L.Z. Problemy otvestvennosti za neokonchennuyu prestupnuyu deyatel’nost’ po ugolovnomu zakonodatel’stvu Respubliki Armeniya [Problems of responsibility for unfinished criminal activity under the criminal legislation of the Republic of Armenia]. PhD thesis. Moscow, 2010, pp. 120–121.
18. Lyzlov A.I. Neokonchennoye ubiystvo: problemy zakonodatel’noy reglamentatsii, kvalifikatsii i nakazaniya [Unfinished Murder: Problems of Legislative Regulation, Qualification and Punishment]. PhD thesis. Barnaul, 2016, p. 116.
19. Plaksina T.A. Sub’’yektivnyye priznaki ubiystva: obshhaya kharakteristika [Subjective signs of murder: general characteristics]. Barnaul, 2013, pp. 20–72.
