ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL STATUS OF THE FINANCIAL INTELLIGENCE UNIT IN COMBATING CRIMINAL INCOME LEGALIZATION
Keywords:
laundering of criminal proceeds, financial monitoring, financial intelligence unit, administrative and legal status, operational autonomy, functional accountability, analytical material, functional information separationAbstract
This article analyzes the administrative and legal status of the financial intelligence unit in terms of its institutional position, competence, special information regime, operational independence, and functional accountability. Using systemic-legal, comparative-legal, and institutional methods, the current model of Uzbekistan and the models of advanced foreign countries are comprehensively compared. As a result, the national model is fully characterized as a specialized, centralized-integrated model based on the method of law enforcement, complex, and effective information organization. Additionally, the criminal procedure significance of the analytical material, the functional separation of internal information, and the mechanisms of functional accountability are scientifically substantiated. The presented proposals will serve to improve the practice of monitoring in national legislation.
References
Bartolozzi, D., Bressan, S., Miani, S., & Paltrinieri, A. (2019). Financial Intelligence Unit governance and performance (BAFFI CAREFIN Working Paper No. 2019-115). Università Bocconi.
Brewczyńska, M. (2021). Financial intelligence units: Reflections on the applicable data protection legal framework. Computer Law & Security Review, 43, Article 105612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2021.105612
Egmont Group. (2018). Understanding FIU operational independence and autonomy. Egmont Group Secretariat.
Egmont Group. (2025). Principles for information exchange between financial intelligence units. Egmont Group Secretariat.
Eurasian Group. (2022). Mutual evaluation report of the Republic of Uzbekistan. EAG.
Federal Financial Monitoring Service. (2024). Institutional status and subordination. Rosfinmonitoring.
Financial Action Task Force. (2025). International standards on combating money laundering and the financing of terrorism & proliferation: The FATF recommendations. FATF/OECD.
Financial Crimes Enforcement Network. (2024). About FinCEN: What we do. U.S. Department of the Treasury. https://www.fincen.gov
Gara, M., Manaresi, F., Marchetti, D. J., & Marinucci, M. (2024). Anti-money-laundering oversight and banksʼ reporting of suspicious transactions: Some empirical evidence. The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 40(2), 434–469.
Generalzolldirektion. (2024). Financial Intelligence Unit annual report 2024. German Customs.
International Monetary Fund, & World Bank. (2004). Financial intelligence units: An overview. International Monetary Fund.
Levi, M. (2020). Evaluating the control of money laundering and its underlying offences: The search for meaningful data. Asian Journal of Criminology, 15(4), 301–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11417-020-09319-y
Masciandaro, D., & Volpicella, A. (2016). Designing financial supervision: The puzzling case of the FIUs against money laundering. Journal of Financial Regulation, 2(1), 79–113. https://doi.org/10.1093/jfr/fjw002
Mirzayev, F. (2021). Jinoiy daromadlarni legallashtirish va terrorizmni moliyalashtirishga qarshi kurashish milliy tizimida moliyaviy razvedka boʻlinmasining faoliyati va uning roli [The activities of the financial intelligence unit and its role in the national system for combating money laundering and terrorist financing]. Bulletin of the Academy of the Prosecutor Generalʼs Office, 2(46), 31–34.
Mouzakiti, F. (2020). Cooperation between Financial Intelligence Units in the European Union: Stuck in the middle between the General Data Protection Regulation and the Police Data Protection Directive. New Journal of European Criminal Law, 11(3), 351–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/2032284420943303
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2021, June 28). On approval of the Strategy for the Development of the national system of the Republic of Uzbekistan for countering the legalization of proceeds from criminal activity, financing of terrorism and financing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (Decree No. DP-6252). Lex.uz. https://lex.uz/uz/docs/6964124
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2023, January 16). On additional measures to further expand access to justice and improve the efficiency of the courts (Decree No. DP-11). Lex.uz. https://lex.uz/docs/6999876
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. (2024, July 8). On additional measures for the effective organization of activities to combat the underground economy (Decree No. PF-99). Lex.uz.
Quintel, T. (2022). Data protection rules applicable to Financial Intelligence Units: Still no clarity in sight. ERA Forum, 23, 53–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12027-021-00697-z
Republic of Uzbekistan. (1994). Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Lex.uz. https://lex.uz/docs/-111460
Republic of Uzbekistan. (2004, August 26). On countering the legalization of proceeds from criminal activities, the financing of terrorism and the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (Law No. 660-II). Lex.uz. https://lex.uz/docs/-283717
Siena, F. A. (2022). The European anti-money laundering framework – At a turning point? The role of financial intelligence units. New Journal of European Criminal Law, 13(2), 216–246. https://doi.org/10.1177/20322844221105406
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 JURISPRUDENCE
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
