AKADEMIK ERKINLIKNING KONSTITUTSIYAVIY-HUQUQIY VA INSTITUTSIONAL KAFOLATLARI
Kalit so‘zlar:
akademik erkinlik, universitet avtonomiyasi, konstitutsiyaviy kafolatlar, oliy ta’lim huquqi, qiyosiy huquqshunoslik, institutsional tamoyillarAnnotatsiya
Maqolada akademik erkinlikning konstitutsiyaviy-huquqiy kafolatlari va uning samarali amalga oshirilishi uchun zarur bo‘lgan institutsional shart-sharoitlar o‘rtasidagi munosabat qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlil asosida tadqiq etilgan. Tadqiqot institutsional model ustuvor bo‘lgan (AQSH, Germaniya kabi) yurisdiksiyalar tajribasiga asoslangan. Zamonaviy oliy ta’lim tizimining fundamental tamoyillaridan biri bo‘lgan akademik erkinlik O‘zbekiston qonunchiligi uchun nisbatan yangi bo‘lsa-da, ko‘plab xorijiy davlatlarda uzoq yillardan beri konstitutsiyaviy yoki qonun darajasida kafolatlanib kelmoqda. Ayrim mamlakatlarda akademik erkinlik konstitutsiyada to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri mustahkamlanmagan bo‘lishiga qaramay, uni ta’minlovchi institutsional mexanizmlar rivojlangani tufayli professor-o‘qituvchilar va ilmiy hamjamiyat a’zolari amaliyotda yuqori darajadagi akademik mustaqillikka ega bo‘ladilar. Bu holat akademik erkinlikni ta’minlashda faqat konstitutsiyaviy normalar bilan cheklanish yetarli emasligini ko‘rsatadi. Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, konstitutsiyaviy kafolatlar universitet avtonomiyasi, akademik o‘zini o‘zi boshqaruv organlari va professor-o‘qituvchilarning kasbiy mustaqilligini himoya qiluvchi mehnat huquqi institutlari bilan to‘ldirilmasa, deklarativ xarakter kasb etadi. Akademik erkinlik faqat oliy ta’lim muassasalariga berilgan subyektiv huquq sifatida emas, balki ularning boshqaruv tuzilmasini shakllantiruvchi institutsional tamoyil sifatida tushunilishi lozim. Tadqiqotda O‘zbekiston sharoitida akademik erkinlikni real ta’minlash uchun normativ islohotlar bilan bir qatorda oliy ta’lim muassasalarini boshqarish modelini qayta ko‘rib chiqish zaruriyati asoslangan.
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